Posting 60.1 60.2 type of operation.

Suppliers and contractors include organizations that supply raw materials and other inventory items, as well as perform various works (overhaul, maintenance of fixed assets, etc.) and provide various types of services.

Settlements with suppliers and contractors are carried out after they have shipped inventory items, performed work or provided services, or simultaneously with them with the consent of the organization or on its behalf. An advance payment may be issued to suppliers and contractors in accordance with a business agreement.

Currently, organizations themselves choose the form of payment for the delivered products, work performed, services rendered.

To summarize information about settlements with suppliers and contractors, account 60 "Settlements with suppliers and contractors" is intended. All transactions related to settlements for purchased material values, accepted work, services rendered are reflected in this account, regardless of the time of payment.

The basis for registering accounts payable to suppliers are settlement documents (invoices, invoices) and documents confirming the fact of the transaction (consignment notes, receipts, acceptance certificates, acts of performance of work and services). Typical accounting entries for account 60 are presented in table 1

Table 1 Typical accounting entries for account 60

On account 60, the debt is reflected within the amount of acceptance. If there are shortages in the received material and commodity assets, discrepancies in prices stipulated by the contract, account 60 is credited for the corresponding amount in correspondence with account 76 "Settlements with various debtors and creditors" (subaccount "Settlements for claims").

The amount of VAT is included by suppliers and contractors in invoices for payment and is reflected by the buyer on the debit of account 19 "Value added tax on acquired values" and credit of account 60. Expenses for payment of interest on credits of suppliers and contractors for purchased values, work performed and services rendered are reflected on the debit of accounts for accounting for the acquired property or production costs (since they are included in the cost of production) and the credit of account 60.

The repayment of debt to suppliers is reflected in the debit of account 60 and the credit of accounts for accounting for cash (51, 52, 55) or bank loans (66, 67). The order of accounting records when paying off debts to suppliers depends on the forms of settlement used.

Without the consent of the organization, claims for the released gas, water, electricity, written out on the basis of indicators of measuring instruments and current tariffs, as well as for sewerage, telephone use, postal and telegraph services are paid without acceptance.

Accounting for advances issued is carried out separately in separate analytical accounting registers in order to obtain information about settlements with specific suppliers and monitor their states. The amounts of issued advances are transferred by payment order from the current or other accounts in banks. These transactions are recorded in an accounting record:

Debit 60 "Settlements with suppliers and contractors"

Credit 50, 51, 52, 55.

The listed advances to suppliers and contractors are recorded against the debit of this account until the delivery of inventories or the amount of work and services provided for in the contract is fully completed and documented. For the goods received and the work performed, documented, there is a debt to suppliers or contractors, which is reduced by the amount of previously issued advances.

If the supply agreement is not fulfilled, the unused advances are returned by the supplier to the buyer's current account. Such an operation is drawn up by a payment order, in which the basis must be indicated (the number and date of the payment order on which the receipt of the advance payment is recorded, as well as the agreement). The return by the supplier of the unused amount of advances is made out in an accounting entry:

Debit 50.51.52.55

Credit 60 "Settlements with suppliers and contractors".

The sum differences on the acquired property after its receipt or work (services) performed are taken into account on accounts 60 and 91 "Other income and expenses" as operating income or expenses, depending on the value of the sum differences.

Exchange rate differences on the acquired property (work, services) are also reflected in accounts 60 and 91 as operating income or expenses, depending on the value of exchange rate differences.

Termination of obligations (in addition to proper performance) can be carried out on the following grounds: when offsetting mutual claims, innovation, debt forgiveness, liquidation of a legal entity (Articles 410, 414, 415, 419 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation).

The termination of obligations when offsetting mutual claims is reflected in the debit of account 60 and the credit of account 62 "Settlements with buyers and customers" or account 76 "Settlements with different debtors and creditors".

Debt forgiveness is essentially a type of gift. The forgiven amount of debt is non-operating income and is reflected in the debit of account 60 and credit of account 91 "Other income and expenses".

Upon termination of obligations, novation replaces one obligation with another. This substitution is not reflected in synthetic accounts; marks in the analytical accounting are carried out.

Termination of obligations as a result of liquidation of a legal entity and when writing off accounts payable for which the limitation period has expired. Take into account the debit of account 60 and the credit of account 91 "Other income and expenses". The write-off of accounts payable, for which the limitation period has expired, is carried out based on the results of the inventory, written justification and order of the head of the organization.

Analytical accounting for account 60 is carried out for each presented invoice, and calculations in the order of planned payments - for each supplier and contractor. At the same time, the construction of analytical accounting should ensure the ability to obtain the necessary data on: suppliers according to accepted and other settlement documents, the due date of which has not come; to suppliers on unpaid settlement documents; to suppliers for non-invoiced deliveries; advances issued; to suppliers of promissory notes issued, the due date of which has not come; to suppliers with overdue bills of exchange; suppliers for a commercial loan received, etc.

Accounting for settlements with suppliers and contractors within a group of interconnected organizations, about whose activities consolidated financial statements are drawn up, are kept on account 60 separately.

With the journal-order form of accounting, accounting of settlements with suppliers is kept in the journal-order No. 6. In this journal, synthetic accounting is combined with analytical. Analytical accounting of settlements with suppliers in settlements and the procedure for planned payments is kept in statement No. 5, the data of which at the end of the month include the total totals for the corresponding accounts in the journal-order No. 6.

When automating accounting on the basis of bank statements, synthetic and analytical accounting machines are drawn up for each account used to record settlements with suppliers and buyers ("Settlements with suppliers and contractors", "Settlements with buyers and customers",

"Settlements with different debtors and creditors", subaccount "Settlements on claims"). These machine charts serve as the basis for the development of machine charts - turnover sheets for accounts, according to the summary data of which entries are made in the General Ledger.

In the article, we will figure out who the suppliers are, what account 60 is needed for, and what transactions reflect settlements with suppliers and contractors.

Suppliers are organizations that supply inventory and other assets, as well as provide various types of services and perform certain work. For accounting of settlements with suppliers, account 60 is used.

Account 60 - that is, it simultaneously records the assets and liabilities of the enterprise. Read what assets and liabilities are and what they relate to. Next, consider how the postings to account 60 reflect the settlements with suppliers and contractors.

Accounting for settlements with suppliers

The credit of account 60 reflects the value of the goods and materials shipped, the work rendered, the services performed. In the debit of account 60, payment for goods, works, services is entered.

The debit of account 60 corresponds with the credit of accounts for accounting for cash (accounts 50, 51, 52.55), credit of account 60 corresponds with the debit of accounts for accounting for goods, materials, fixed assets, intangible assets and other accounts for accounting for assets (account 41 , 10, 08, 43, 44, 20, 23, etc.).

Together with inventory items, the supplier also presents the corresponding primary documents: invoices, acts, invoices. Based on these documents, the accountant makes a posting on the receipt: D10 (41, 08, ..) K60. The amount for which this transaction is made must match the specified total amount on the vendor documents, net of VAT.

If the organization is a VAT payer, then the tax amount is allocated to a separate account. 19 wiring D19 K60. Further, VAT will be deducted by posting D68.VAT K19. It should be remembered that the posting in the direction of VAT deductible can be done only on the basis of the invoice presented by the supplier. If this document is not available, then it is necessary either to receive it, or to receive values ​​at the total cost.

That is, when receiving something from a supplier, it is necessary to divide the amount of receipts into two components: the amount without VAT and VAT. The amount without VAT is sent to the debit of the asset accounting accounts, VAT is allocated for reimbursement from the budget (directions for deduction).

If the organization is not a VAT payer, then the amount is not divided into components, the values ​​received are accounted for at the total cost indicated in the documents.

There are two situations of carrying out mutual settlements with suppliers:

• Payment for goods, materials, etc. upon receipt of them;
• The transfer of the advance payment (advance), on the basis of which the supplier is already carrying out the shipment.

In the first case, account 60 will behave like a passive one: at the time of receipt of the goods, the credit of the account will reflect the organization's accounts payable to the supplier (the company's liability), and the debit will show the repayment of the debt (decrease in the liability).

In the second case, account 60 will behave like an active one: when an advance is transferred on the debit of account 60, the supplier's accounts receivable to the organization (asset) are formed, the credit offset of this advance (decrease in the asset).

Consider which transactions reflect account payable in both of these cases.

Payment upon receipt of goods and materials

In this case, we first receive assets, works, services from the supplier, and we send them to the debit of the corresponding account. After that, we pay for the delivery by paying off the debt. The transactions are as follows.

Account 60 transactions:

Accounting for settlements on advances issued

The organization first transfers a certain amount of money - an advance, after that the supplier makes a delivery against this advance.

Accounting in this case will be a little more complicated. You will need to open on account 60 an additional sub-account 2 "Advances issued", while sub-account 1 will reflect settlements with the supplier in the general case.

When transferring an advance, its amount is credited to the debit account 60/2 by posting D60 / 2 K50 (51, 52). The supplier then delivers, provides services, or performs work. The received values ​​are credited to the debit of the corresponding accounts by posting D10 (41, 08 ...) K60 / 1.

The last posting is to set off the advance payment - D60 / 1 K60 / 2.

Subaccount 2 "Advances issued" has closed, the supplier and the buyer do not owe each other anything.

Postings for accounting advances issued:

Accounting for bills issued

Another possible way to pay for the supplier's services is to issue him a promissory note, according to which the organization undertakes to pay the debt within the period indicated in the promissory note.

Account 60 "Settlements with suppliers and contractors" is used in almost every enterprise, and today we will look at how the turnover sheet for account 60 is formed in the program 1C Accounting 8 edition 2.

In our example, we first made a prepayment in advance to OOO Tom in the amount of 50,000 rubles from the current account. For this operation, a posting was generated: Debit 60.02 Credit 51. This amount was credited to the advances subaccount. Account 60 "Settlements with suppliers and contractors" is active-passive, but sub-account 2 to it is already active. You can see this by calling the chart of accounts from the bottom of the "Enterprise" tab of the 1C Accounting 8 edition 2 program.

Active account - means that an increase in the account will occur in debit, and a decrease in credit. In our example, with subaccount 2 of account 60, the debit of the account reflects an increase in the amounts of advances, and a decrease in the loan. The final balance in our example for this account is 50,000 rubles in debit. This means accounts receivable, that is, the debt of our counterparty, OOO Tom. We paid him money in advance and now he must either supply us with any value (goods, services, etc.), or return the amount of the advance.

If you need a turnover sheet for account 60 in the context of subaccounts, then in the "Settings" panel on the right side of the turnover you need to check the "By subaccounts" checkbox.

Now, when the turnover sheet for account 60 is formed, you can immediately see on which sub-accounts this or that amount is reflected.

Debit 41.01 Kt 60.01 in the amount of 100,000 rubles

Dt 19.03 Kt 60.01 in the amount of 18,000 rubles

Dt 60.01 Kt 60.02 in the amount of 50,000 rubles

Subaccount 01 to account 60 is passive, respectively, the debit of the account reflects a decrease in debt to the supplier, and the credit of the account - an increase.

In our example, when goods are received from a supplier with VAT, there is an increase in debt to the supplier for a total of 118,000 rubles.

At the same time, the debt is reduced by the amount of the previously paid advance payment - 50,000 rubles.

As a result, our enterprise owes OOO Tom 68,000 rubles (118,000 - 50,000). This is payables and this amount is reflected as a balance on the credit of sub-account 01 to account 60 "Settlements with suppliers and contractors."

This can be seen more clearly when the turnover sheet for account 60 is formed in the 1C Accounting program 8 edition 2.

In the following articles I will consider how to make a turnover on accounts 62 and 71 using specific examples, in the same way as the turnover sheet on account 60 is formed. And about how the turnover sheet on account 60 is formed, as amended. 3.0

The key to a successful business is the excess of income over expenses. In accounting, all transactions are recorded in the balance sheet. However, some entrepreneurs do not pay due attention to tracking their debts, and this is a prerequisite for the daily identification of errors and inaccuracies. The easiest way to check mutual settlements is to analyze the balance sheets on accounts of settlements with suppliers and buyers.

The purchase of all purchased values, materials for production and goods for resale creates a connection with counterparties - sellers. When drawing up contracts, it is necessary to take into account the procedure for settlements under executable agreements. Usually, mutual settlements for the transfer of funds can occur in the following order:

1. Advance payments for goods and materials.
2. Postpay (the period during which the money for the goods must be transferred is indicated).

Score 60

This account is used to summarize all data about such transactions between the organization and its suppliers and contractors, such as:

• receiving materials, goods or works;
• consumption of services, including data on used electricity, gas, water, etc .;
• payment for goods, works, services.

All delivery transactions are displayed regardless of whether payment has occurred for them or not.

Attention! Account 60 is active-passive, that is, at the beginning and end of the analyzed time, both debit and credit balances can be displayed.

A more visual form of assessing interaction with suppliers for the period is the compilation of the balance sheet.

Turnover balance sheet for settlements with suppliers and contractors

Its formation is one of the key elements that make it possible to control the document flow at the enterprise for further reporting to the tax authorities.

The structure of the statement

In general, it is represented by the following figure:

Account balance sheet 60

The first column contains the names of all sellers. The opening balance allows you to see debts and advances that were previously transferred. The debit balance indicates the transfers of funds for which there was no delivery of materials or the documents were not submitted to the accounting department on time; on a loan - the sum of all received inventory items, the purchase of which was not paid.

During the period, current settlements arise. Similarly, the balance in turnovers on debit includes all payments, on credit - receipts. The duration of the analysis time is arbitrarily selected (from operations on one specific day to any arbitrarily selected interval). Ending balance indicates any unresolved issues with deliveries and allows you to clearly track workflow and payments.

Advice! When conducting accounting in specialized software products, it is possible to consider not only the general type of calculations, but also statements separately for paid advances and purchases.

Example of filling

The organization purchased a new computer for 20,000 rubles. Under the terms of the agreement, payment can be made in installments of 5,000 rubles per month. In accounting, these actions are reflected in the following postings:

1. Dt10 Kt 60 - 20,000 received a computer from the supplier
2. Д60 Кт51 - 5000 the first payment was transferred by computer

Based on the results of checking the mutual settlements, we see that the organization's debt to the counterparty is 15,000 rubles at the end of the period. It is necessary to track the debt data so that the selling companies are interested in working with the company.

Errors that arise

In the era of active development of technologies, the manual method of drawing accounts is practically never used anywhere, but various software products are widespread, the leaders of which are 1C developments. They can form accounting registers in order to better analyze the status of all payments and receipts.

The advantage of using the balance sheet in 1C for control is the ability to analyze not only the general statement, but also to consider separately paid advances (60.02) and the arising debt for received goods, work, services (60.01). In addition, from the statement, you can go to the analysis of the account specifically for transactions with this counterparty, and if you have any questions, you can immediately see the presence or absence of documents.

There are situations when the same amount gets into turnovers at 60.01 and 60.02 and does not overlap. This may be due primarily to a violation of the sequence of documents. If the reposting did not change the situation, then you should pay attention to the possible linking of payments and receipts to various contracts or accounts.

How to generate a balance sheet for account 60 in 1C can be seen in the video:

Settlements with buyers and customers

Buyers and customers for any organization are the key to receiving revenue. To expand the business and search for potential customers in a highly competitive market, sellers often resort not only to all kinds of discounts and promotions, but also to defer payments. This is where the need for a daily check of mutual settlements arises. All transactions with customers are recorded on account 62.

Attention! Account 62 is also active-passive, that is, both debit and credit balances can be displayed at the beginning and end of the selected period of time.

Score 62

All settlements with buyers and customers are formed on this account, namely:

• sold products of our own production;
• goods sold;
• services rendered;
• receiving advances for future deliveries;
• payment from buyers.

For a detailed consideration of settlements with customers, the balance sheet can also be used.

Turnover balance sheet for settlement with buyers

Allows you to summarize data for all buyers to identify arrears. As in the settlement with suppliers, the balance sheet 62 of the account makes it possible to analyze the indicators for the period in the context.

Structure

The debit balance at the beginning and end of the period indicates that the terms of the agreement were not fulfilled, that is, the obligations under the agreement to the customers were fulfilled, however, payment was not received. The credit balance indicates the availability of unshipped goods. Turnovers registering transactions during the selected time: on debit - shipment, on credit - incoming payments.

Dt 60 Kt 60— wiring that, at first glance, may appear to be incorrect. Is it legal from an accounting point of view? And if so, what does the entry Dt 60 Kt 60 mean? Consider these issues in our material.

How is account 60 used?

In accordance with the order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation "On approval of the Chart of accounts of accounting" dated 31.10.2000 No. 94n (hereinafter referred to as the chart of accounts) account. 60 "Settlements with suppliers and contractors" is used to record transactions in the following business relationships with suppliers:

• purchase of goods and materials;
• acceptance of completed works;
• consumption of services rendered;
• unbilled deliveries.
• other transactions that are reflected on account 60 and are provided for by the chart of accounts.

At the same time, subaccounts to account 60 are used for detailing and correct reflection of information on transactions. An important point when opening subaccounts is the need to fix them in the working chart of the company's accounts, which is approved by the accounting policy.

Consider examples of possible subaccounts to account 60:

• 60.01 - settlements with suppliers and contractors;
• 60.02 - settlements for advances issued;
• 60.03 - settlements on bills issued;
• 60.04 - settlements for unbilled deliveries.

It is allowed to open other sub-accounts regulated by the company's working chart of accounts.

In correspondence with which accounts are debit 60 and credit 60 applicable?

In accordance with the chart of accounts of the account. 60 is active-passive, so both his debit and his credit can be used for accounting entries. The debit of this account is often used in correspondence with accounts: 50 "Cashier", 51 "Settlement accounts", 52 "Currency accounts", 55 "Special accounts in banks", 62 "Settlements with buyers and customers", 76 "Settlements with different debtors and creditors "and so on. (according to the instructions for the chart of accounts).

Credit account 60 is often paired with such accounts: 08 "Investing in non-current assets", 10 "Materials", 15 "Procurement and acquisition of material assets", 20 "Main production", 25 "General production costs", 26 "General business expenses", 41 " Goods "and so on.

In addition, for account 60, it is also possible to post Dt 60 Kt 60, the use of which is due to the reflection of transactions using different sub-accounts opened to account 60.

What does the entry "Debit 60 Credit 60" mean?

Posting Dt 60 Kt 60 means the repayment of obligations:

• on payment at the expense of a previously paid advance (Dt 60.01 Kt 60.02);
• promissory notes (Dt 60.01 Kt 60.03);
• other obligations arising on account 60.

The use of subaccounts helps to reflect in more detail the details of a business transaction than using the record Dt 60 Kt 60. Let us explain with examples.

Example 1

LLC "Flower" signed an agreement for the purchase of products from LLC "Tulip" in the amount of 153,400 rubles. (including VAT 23,400 rubles). The contract provided for 100% prepayment. On April 4, 2018, Flower transferred 153,400 rubles. to Tulip, and on April 25, 2018, the products were received and capitalized.

LLC "Flower" reflected in the accounting the following transactions:

1st option (without using subaccounts)

• Dt 60 Kt 51- an advance payment of 153,400 rubles was transferred.

• Dt 10 Kt 60 - included products worth 130,000 rubles.
• Dt 19 Kt 60 - VAT allocated in the amount of 23,400 rubles. (fixed on the invoice).
• Dt 60 Kt 60- an advance payment issued in the amount of 153,400 rubles was credited as payment of arrears for products.
• Dt 68 Kt 19 - VAT accepted for deduction 23,400 rubles.

As you can see, the reflection of transactions without subaccounts delivers certain inconveniences when further analyzing the accounts.

2nd option (using subaccounts)

• Дт 60.02 Кт 51 - an advance payment of 153,400 rubles was transferred.

• Dt 10 Kt 60.01 - products are accepted for accounting in the amount of 130,000 rubles.
• Dt 19 Kt 60.01 - VAT allocated in the amount of 23,400 rubles.
• Dt 60.01 Kt 60.02 - the debt for the products has been repaid by an advance paid in the amount of 153,400 rubles.
• Dt 68 Kt 19 - VAT is deducted in the amount of 23,400 rubles.

If settlements under the agreement are carried out through the cashier, the posting Dt 60 Kt 51 changes to the entry Debit 60 Credit 50. However, in this case, you must remember to comply with the cash settlement limit (100 thousand rubles), if the parties to the agreement are legal entities (or an organization and an individual entrepreneur ).

In which situation is the posting Debit 60 Credit 62 applicable?

The transaction Debit 60 Credit 62 reflects the settlement of mutual claims to the counterparties - the supplier and the buyer.

Example 2

LLC "Mag" signed a contract for the purchase of goods from LLC "Wholesaler" in the amount of 156,000 rubles. (including VAT 23 796.61 rubles). On March 14, 2018, the "Mag" paid for the cost of the goods (156,000 rubles) and on March 17, 2018, he registered the goods for the indicated amount. On March 30, 2018, "Mag" returned the goods in full due to the lack of demand for them.

LLC "Mag" made the following accounting entries:

Dt 60 Kt 51 -reflected beforepayment for goods 156,000 rubles.

Dt 41 Kt 60 -the cost of goods is taken into account 132 203.39 rubles.

Dt 19 Kt 60 - the input VAT is reflected 23 796.61 rubles.

Dt 68 Kt 19 - VAT is accepted for deduction in the amount of 23 796.61 rubles.

Dt 62 Kt 90 - return of goods 156,000 rubles.

Dt 90 Kt 68 - VAT charged 23 796.61 rubles.

Dt 90 Kt 41 - the cost of goods has been written offRUB 132,203.39

Дт 51 Кт 62 - the advance payment of 156,000 rubles was refunded.

In practice, a situation of offsetting mutual claims is also possible if the parties did not carry out monetary settlements. In this case, in our example, instead of the postings Dt 60 Kt 51 and Dt 51 Kt 62, the following record will appear:

Dt 60 Kt 62 - the offset of obligations in the amount of 156,000 rubles was carried out.

IMPORTANT! Tax authorities consider the return of high-quality goods as a reverse implementation (letter of the Ministry of Finance dated 18.02.2013 No. 03-03-06 / 1/4213).

Example for wiring Dt 60 Kt 76

Let's look at another situation.

Example 3

Let's take the conditions from example 2, but agree that the goods from the supplier were not received in full. Upon receipt of the goods, OOO "Mag" revealed a shortage in the amount of 23,600 rubles. (including VAT 3,600 rubles) and made a claim to the supplier.

Dt 60 Kt 76— a claim was made for the shortage of goods 23 600 rubles.

Dt 41 Kt 60 -reflected the cost of the goods received 112 203.39rub.

Dt 19 Kt 60 - reflected input VAT 20 196.61rub.

Dt 51 Kt 76 -received from supplier returnpayment for undelivered goods in the amount of 23 600 rubles.

Outcomes

Account 60 is present in almost every transaction of an economic entity, forming transactions for purchased goods, works or services. Posting Dt 60 Kt 60 allows you to reflect a business transaction that is quite common in practice - the repayment of debt for goods using the advance listed to the supplier.